Fig. 3

Comparison of the equivalent PRCs for homogeneous inputs. Result of a simulation using four types of oscillators. The first one has both excitatory and inhibitory PRCs of amplitudes \(a_{\mathrm{exc}}=2/30\) and \(a_{\mathrm{inh}}=2/30\), respectively, with a feedforward delay of 5 ms. The second one has the equivalent PRC Δ from the previous subsection (Eqs. (15) and (19)), labeled “phase PDF Eq. PRC.” The third one has the second equivalent PRC from this subsection (Eq. PRC 2). The fourth one has the third equivalent PRC from this subsection (Eq. PRC 3). The three oscillators with the equivalent PRCs only get stimulated at the time of the excitatory inputs, which have a rate of 600 Hz. The other oscillator experiences feedforward inhibition. a: Shape of the PRCs. The dashed black and red lines show \(\varDelta _{\mathrm{exc}}\) and \(\varDelta _{\mathrm{inh}}\), respectively. The blue line corresponds to the PRC Δ from the previous subsection. The green line corresponds to Eq. PRC 2, and the magenta line to Eq. PRC3. b: Phase PDFs for the four oscillators. The red line (partially occluded by the blue line) shows the phase PDF for the oscillator with feedforward inhibition. The blue line corresponds to the oscillator with Eq. PRC Δ from the previous subsection. The green line is from the oscillator with Eq. PRC 2, and the magenta line for the oscillator with Eq. PRC 3. c: Average firing rate for the four oscillators. d–f: Phase difference density (see text) for the three oscillators with equivalent PRCs. g–i: Cross-correlograms between the output spike trains of the three oscillators with equivalent PRCs and the output spike train of the oscillator with feedforward inhibition. j: Cross-correlogram between the output spike train of the oscillator with feedforward inhibition and a periodic spike train with the same frequency. k: Circular variance (see text) for the three oscillators with equivalent PRCs