Figure 6

An example simulation of a randomly connected network of ten units (\(\langle w_{ij} \rangle =-0.2\), \({\text{std}}(w_{ij})=1\)) responding to a series of repeated identical stimuli. Panel (a): Firing rate profiles (left) of 38 stable fixed points sorted according to occurrence frequency (probability bar chart, right). Panels (b1) and (b2): Sequences of states reached following repeated identical stimuli (\(\tau _{{\text{dur}}}=20\), \(I_{{\text{app}}}=0.8\)) with depression (b1) and without depression (b2) when the initial state is #13 (marked by a black triangle in (a1)). Red open circles indicate cycles (b1) or steady state (b2). Insets include a visualization of the steady firing rate pattern and a directional graph depicting the transition sequence. Panels (c1) and (c2): Same as panels (b1) and (b2) with only 5 randomly chosen units (marked by red triangles), instead of all of them, receiving the series of identical stimuli